Requires anti-bias training for every medical student, medical resident and physician assistant student in the state

• Democratic8

◆ The sponsor's argument

Why Julia Salazar says this is needed

In recent years, the health care community has shifted its focus to further address health inequity and its impact on individuals from traditionally marginalized communities, including but not limited to people of color, women, and the LGBTQ+ community. The COVID-19 pandemic further illustrated these inequities. For example, a recent study conducted in all five boroughs of New York City sought to gain under- standing of the health care experiences of Latinx immigrant women. Four themes were identified in this study. They were related to structural inequities, discriminatory experiences in health care settings, victimi- zation in public institutions, and overcoming discrimination. (1) Additional research provides us with further information that illus- trates these inequities: -According to the Brookings Institution, childbirth-related deaths disproportionately affect Black women, regardless of their income or education. (2) See, also, Misogynoir in Medicine: How Bias in the Medical Field Places Black Women's Lives at Risk. (3) - A study conducted by the Center for American Progress found that 15% of LGBTQ+ respondents, and 28% of transgender respondents avoided seek- ing medical care when sick or injured due to previous experiences of discrimination in a healthcare setting. Additionally, 32% of transgender participants indicated that the healthcare provider intentionally misgendered them, 38% indicated that the doctor was physically rough or abusive when treating them, 34% indicated that a doctor refused to provide healthcare related to their transition, and 49% indicated that the doctor was visibly uncomfortable while treating them. (4) One piece of a broader effort to address these concerns is to mandate, early in professional training, education regarding implicit and explic- it bias, in order to ensure these biases are not carried forward into medical practice. See, Kenya Glover, Can You Hear Me?: How Implicit Bias Creates a Disparate Impact in Maternal Healthcare for Black Women, 43 Campbell L. Rev. 243 (2021) (Recommendations include early anti-bias training for medical students.) Currently, not all medical students in the state of New York receive comprehensive implicit and explicit bias training, which could hamper the goal of health equity for all. This bill mandates that all medical students in New York State must take part in training regarding implicit and explicit bias, so that they can be aware of and work towards reduc- ing implicit and explicit biases. It is critical to have well-trained and culturally competent providers who are educated about bias to ensure the best possible treatment of all individuals, and to ensure medical outcomes are not skewed because of bias, whether implicit or explicit. This bill is supported by numerous advocacy organizations, including, NY Lawyers in the Public Interest and the New Pride Agenda. 1-Damle, M., Wurtz, H., & SamaYI, G.72022) . RaciSm andheilfh care: Experiences of latinx immigrant women in NYC during COVID-19. SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, 2, 100094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100094 2 Young, C. L. (2022, March 9). There are clear, race-based inequalities in health insurance and health outcomes. Brookings. Retrieved December 16, 2022, from https://www.brookinqs.edu/articles/there-are-clear-race- basedinequalitie s-in-health-insurance-and-health-outcomes/ 3 https://oneill.law.georqetown.edu/misogynoir-in-medicine-how-bias-in- the medical-field-places-black-womens-lives-at-risk/ 4 Mahowald, L., Gruberg, S., & Halpin, J. (2022, August 22). The state of the LGBTQ community in 2020. Center for American Progress. Retrieved December 16, 2022, from https://www.americanprogress.org/article/state-lgbtq-community-2020/ RACIAL JUSTICE IMPACT: This bill would enhance racial justice as there are significant racial disparities in health care, and these disparities result in more nega- tive health outcomes for people of color as compared with white people. This legis

This is the sponsor's own case for the bill, quoted from their memorandum. It is not Agora's description of what the bill does.