Combating Illicit Xylazine Act

Summary

Combating Illicit Xylazine Act This bill regulates xylazine under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Xylazine, also known as tranq , is a nonopioid sedative and pain reliever that is approved for use in animals. Recently, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has reported an increase in trafficking of fentanyl mixed with xylazine. This bill adds xylazine, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers, to schedule III of the CSA. Schedule III controlled substances, including anabolic steroids, buprenorphine, and ketamine, have less potential for abuse than a schedule I or II substance, have a currently accepted medical use, and have low or moderate risk of dependence if abused. Under the bill, manufacturing, distributing, or dispensing xylazine, or possessing with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense xylazine for illicit use is subject to criminal penalties under the CSA. The bill also requires xylazine transactions to be tracked in the drug reporting system maintained by the DEA. The bill exempts from registration under the CSA persons and entities that possess xylazine (1) lawfully dispensed by a veterinarian or pharmacy and (2) for an animal or for use in certain animal-control or wildlife programs. The bill also exempts xylazine manufacturers from the CSA's physical security requirements. Finally, the bill requires the DEA, in coordination with the Food and Drug Administration, to report on (1) the prevalence and impact of illicit xylazine use in the United States, and (2) updated information on the prevalence and proliferation of xylazine trafficking and misuse in the United States.

Summary from the Congressional Research Service. How we handle summaries

Where it stands

Passed one of the two chambers; it still needs the other.

House Committee on Energy and Commerce · U.S. House of Representatives

Also referred to House Committee on the Judiciary · U.S. House of Representatives, Senate Committee on the Judiciary · U.S. Senate.

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Cosponsors

Related bills

• S. 545Combating Illicit Xylazine ActRelated bill

As identified by Congress.gov.

Full history

1. Sep 16, 2026

   Sent to the executive

   Received in the Senate. Read twice. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 623.

   U.S. Senate

2. Sep 15, 2026

   Considered Under Suspension of the rules. (consideration: cr H5671-5673)

   Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H5671-5673)

3. Sep 15, 2026

   Considered Under Suspension of the rules. (consideration: cr H5671-5673)

   Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H5671-5673)

4. Sep 15, 2026

   Debate - the House Proceeded With Forty Minutes of Debate on H.R. 1266.

   DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 1266.

   U.S. House of Representatives

5. Sep 15, 2026

   Passed a chamber

   Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

Read the record

• Read on Congress.gov (opens in a new tab) The official record on Congress.gov.