Combating Illicit Xylazine Act

Summary

Combating Illicit Xylazine Act This bill regulates xylazine under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Xylazine, also known as tranq , is a nonopioid sedative and pain reliever that is approved for use in animals. Recently, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has reported an increase in trafficking of fentanyl mixed with xylazine. This bill adds xylazine, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers, to schedule III of the CSA. Schedule III controlled substances, including anabolic steroids, buprenorphine, and ketamine, have less potential for abuse than a schedule I or II substance, have a currently accepted medical use, and have low or moderate risk of dependence if abused. Under the bill, manufacturing, distributing, or dispensing xylazine, or possessing with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense xylazine for illicit use is subject to criminal penalties under the CSA. The bill also requires xylazine transactions to be tracked in the drug reporting system maintained by the DEA. The bill exempts from registration under the CSA persons and entities that possess xylazine (1) lawfully dispensed by a veterinarian or pharmacy and (2) for an animal or for use in certain animal-control or wildlife programs. The bill also exempts xylazine manufacturers from the CSA's physical security requirements. Finally, the bill requires the DEA, in coordination with the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), to provide Congress with a report on how the agencies previously determined whether xylazine should be a controlled substance, including the full text of HHS's recommendations to the DEA for scheduling xylazine.

Summary from the Congressional Research Service. How we handle summaries

Where it stands

Out of committee and scheduled for a vote by the full chamber.

House Committee on the Judiciary · U.S. House of Representatives

Also referred to Senate Committee on the Judiciary · U.S. Senate.

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Cosponsors

Related bills

• H.R. 1266Combating Illicit Xylazine ActRelated bill

As identified by Congress.gov.

Full history

1. Apr 15, 2026

   Reported out of committee

   Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

2. Apr 15, 2026

   Reported out of committee

   Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

3. Apr 15, 2026

   Reported out of committee

   Committee on the Judiciary. Reported by Senator Grassley with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Without written report.

4. Apr 15, 2026

   Introduced

   Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 372.

   U.S. Senate

5. Apr 15, 2026

   Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar Under General Orders. Calendar No. 372.

   Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 372.

   U.S. Senate

Read the record

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